1/3/2024 0 Comments Differenet types of insomnia![]() ![]() Regular physical activity was defined as any exercise during leisure time ≥ 20-30 min, ≥ 3 times a week in the previous 90 days. Current smokers were defined as those who had smoked ≥ 100 cigarettes during their lifetime and were still smoking. Participants were asked about the following lifestyle characteristics: caffeine consumption (number of cups/day in the previous 12 months), current smoking, and regular physical activity. ![]() Body mass index (weight divided by height ) was calculated from height and weight measurements scores > 25 were categorized as overweight. Information on gender, age, marital status, and schooling level (number of complete years of schooling) was obtained in the baseline BHAS interview. The study described here tested hypothesized associations between different types of insomnia as exposures and EDS as a binary outcome in older Brazilian residents, and compared the strengths of these associations after controlling for potential confounders including sociodemographic factors, lifestyle characteristics, mental health, and chronic diseases. No association was found between terminal insomnia and EDS. Participants with repeated wakening during the night had more severe subjective sleepiness, while those with initial insomnia had less daytime sleepiness. This association varied according to insomnia subtypes. To date, the only study to investigate the association between insomnia subtypes and daytime sleepiness evaluated working-age adults with obstructive sleep apnea. 10 Initial insomnia (difficulty in falling asleep at the beginning of the night) is often associated with anxiety disorders, 11 while middle insomnia (difficulty in maintaining sleep) and terminal insomnia (early morning awakening) are often associated with disorders causing pain, adverse general health, and depression. The pattern of insomnia is often related to its etiology. 8, 9 However, the associations between insomnia subtypes and EDS have not been investigated in older people. 3 The association between general insomnia and EDS has been well established in studies of working-age adults 4 – 7 and also recently in an older population. 2 EDS is a symptom with high clinical and public health importance because of its impact on older people's health, safety, and quality of life. 1 In older persons, complaints of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and insomnia are highly prevalent and are associated with adverse outcomes. Sleep propensity during wakefulness in situations of diminished attention is generally referred to as “excessive daytime sleepiness”, although its definition and measurement have been found to vary substantially. ![]()
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |